Permutation-padlock.



E. M. 0'. DESCALLES,

PERMUTATION PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27, I914.

Patented Apr. 10,1917.

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E. M. O. DESCALLES.

PERMUTATION PADLOCK.

APPLICATION FILED APR- 27. I914- Paltented Apr 10 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 lwowtm escalles.

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EUGENE MAUEIoE OCTAVE DESGALLES, 0E rAEIs, ERAEEE.

PERMUTATION-PADLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ew, 1917.

Application filed April 27, 1914. Serial No. 834,813.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE MAURICE OCTAVE DESCALLES, manufacturer, a subject of France and resident of Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and relating to Permutation-Padlocks; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked therein, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to securing means of the type known as permutation padlocks, in which the opening of the bow or shackle of the padlock can only be efi ected when the movable members are brought into a position corresponding to a predetermined number or word, the combination of'the numbers and words being adapted to be varied as desired.

In padlocks of the type described a certain number of superposed rings are adapted to turn independently of one another and are intended to operate members the position of which permits of the opening or closing of the padlock.

My invention consists in providing securing means of the type described with means for locking or releasing the bolt plate, arresting or retaining the bow or shackle, comprising a single metal rod which opposes the rotary movement of a spindle integral with the said bolt plate, and which can actuate and release the said spindle when the number or word has been formed by the suit.- able rotation of the combination rings.

In the accompanying drawing a preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated, in which: v

Figure 1 shows the padlock closed, in elevation.

Fig. 2 is a plan thereof.

Fig. 3 shows the same padlock in position.

Fig. 4 is a plan thereof.

Figs. 5 and 6 are two horizontal sections of the padlock showing the position of the bolt plate when the padlock is closed and open, respectively.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the open padlock showing the position of its various members when the bow is open.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are three horizontal sectlons, taken on lines A-A, BB, and CC of Fig. 7 respectively.

Figs. 11, 12 and 13 are similar sections showing the position of the members at the moment where the desired number or word is formed.

Fig. 14 shows the position of these menr here when the combination has failed.

Fig. 15 is a vertical section through the padlock showing the parts in the position assumed when the combination has been changed.

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal vertical section through a sleeve integral with the stationary part of the padlock, permitting of the dis placement of the arresting rod.

Figs. 17 and 18 are a vertical section and a horizontal section, respectively, through the same member, taken on lines DD, of Fig. 16, and EE of Fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a separate view of the arresting bolt plate and its spindle.

Figs. 20 and 21 are two sections of the same member taken on lines FF of Fig. 19. and GG of Fig. 20, respectively.

Fig. 22 is a vertical section through the spindle of the bolt plate engaged in the sleeve shown in Fig. 17.

F ig. 28 is a horizontal section taken on line HH of Fig. 22.

Figs. 24: and 25 show in elevation and plan, respectively, the members permitting of establishing the combinations.

Fig. 26 shows in vertical section and plan, one of the combination rings.

Referring to the drawing, a padlock constructed according to my invention comprises two metal plates at and a spaced one above the other. These two small plates are connected by a rivet or screw engaged in a washer a and by one of the ends of the bow b of the padlock.

The other end of the how 6 has a reduced extension 5 adapted to engage the notches a? of the plates at and a and the notch 03 of the bolt plated which is arranged between the plates at and a. This bolt plate is integral with a vertical spindle 6 formed with a groove 6. This spindle turns in a sleeve f fixed on the lower surface of the plate a; and which is formed with a slot 7 metal ring 72, adapted to be rotated by means of a milled flange h and formed with I internal teeth 11 each having an inclined portion 2', except one which forms a notch i at an acute angle (see Figs. 11 and 26) sec ond a member j mounted within the ring 72.

and formed with an opening 9' permitting it to slide, without rotating on the sleeve 7 which at this end is formed with two plane sides F. The curved end of a spring j secured to the member y engages between the teeth 2' of the ring h. Third, an arresting plate Zc provided with an opening 70 having a notch 70 and adapted to rotate on the sleeve 7 and formed with a tooth 70 adapted to engage between two teeth 2', of ring h.

These three groups are separated by the washers Z threaded on the sleeve f and which are held against rotation and are each formed with a notch Z. All these members are maintained by plate m secured to the lower end of the spindle e.

The operation of the lock is as follows In order that the bow may be opened it is necessary that the selected number should be formed. Assuming that this number is 123, the rings h are first of all brought to the position 0. To this end, the rings are successively turned from the left to the right. The spring 9' of the member j provided within each ring opposite the teeth 71 formed on the latter, slides on the inclined portion Z of the teeth and drops into the free spaces provided between these teeth,

producing successive shocks or clicks which areheard quite clearly and which permit of counting very easily the number of teeth over which the spring y" has passed.

Each ring 71. turns until the end of the corresponding spring engages the notch 5 The spring cannot pass over the straight edge of this notch so that the ring it is arrested. This position corresponds to the position 0.

When the three rings are thus brought to O, and in order to form the aforesaid number 123, the upper ring is turned from the right to the left so as to obtain the digit 1. This digit is formed by the spring j which passes over the first tooth of the said ring and drops into the notch between this tooth and the next, producing a readily perceptible. shock, as has been stated before. The two other digits of the said member are obtained .in the same manner by turning suc-.

cessively the other two rings so that their respective springs pass one over two teeth and the other over three teeth 2'.

When the desired number has thus been formed, the plates 71' which have been operated owing to the engagement of the tooth 7a with which they are formed, by the teeth of the said rings, are arranged in such a manner that their notches is are opposite the slot f, that is to say opposite the arresting rod 9 as shown in Fig. 12. Furthermore, the notches j of the spring controlled members j and those Z of the washers Z are in the same position, that is to say opposite the slot f of the sleeve 7 (Figs. 11 and 13).

When the parts are in this position it is possible to open the padlock which is efi'ected by exerting a lateral traetive effort on the branch of the bow Z) engaged in the notches a of the small plates a and a so as to move the bow out of the notches. The effect of this movement is to operate or move the arresting bolt plate (Z into the notch d in which the end of the how 6 is also engaged. The spindle c of this bolt plate turns then in the stationary sleeve As soon as this rotary movement begins, the angle of the groove 6' formed in the spindle e exerts a pressure on the rod 9. Owing to the shape and depth of this groove, the said rod is pushed back and engages the notches 7' and Z of the members j, 70, and Z, these notches being placed opposite one another, as shown in Figs. 8 to 10.

The spindle e of the bolt plate d can therefore turn in the sleeve f thus permitting the said bolt plate to be brought into the position shown in Fig. 6. The how I) has then left the notches a and can also leave the notch 03 of the bolt plate d so as to be brought into the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

When the how 6 is in that position, the

rounded-off portion of the washer a mounted upon the bow Z) and actuated by the latter, is engaged in the notch (Z of the bolt plate d and is retained by the external edges of this notch so that the said bolt plate is arrested in its opening position shown in Fig. 6.

This bolt plate can only be released when the bow b is turned to close the padlock, and when the flattened portion 0 of the washer c is opposite the notch 42 The bow Z2 which then engages the notch 03 of the bolt plate, actuates the latter and brings it into the closed position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 5. The rod 9 remains engaged in the notches j, k and Z and in the slot f of the sleeve 7", but the groove 6 of tile spindle e is located opposite the said s ot.

In order to prevent the opening of the padlock all there is to do now is to destroy the combination by turning any of the rings plate to turn around the sleeve As soon as the notch 6 of the plates Z0 does not correspond with the slot of this bolt it is impossible to turn the spindle e which is arrested by the said plates, as shown'in Fig. 1%. The bolt plate (Z integral with this spindle therefore cannot move and retains the bow Z) in the closed position untilthe moment the number corresponding to the combination selected has been formed again in the above-described manner.

The combination is changed in the following manner As has been stated above, the spring controlled members :7 the plates is and the washers Z are superposed within the cavity formed by the rings it so as to constitute a block. In normal epndition, this block bears with its upper part on the washer a which is threaded onto the sleeve 7 and formed with lugs 0 bent at right angles and therefore disposed vertically, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, 11 and 15.

The upper edge of each of these lugs is formed with an inclined portion 0 and is engaged in an aperture 79 formed in the lower small plate a (Figs. 5 and 6).

In normal condition, the uppermost portion of the lugs 0 touches lightly the upper edge of the small plate a and when the padlock is open and the arresting plate d has been displaced, the notch 6Z2 and the aperture (Z of the said bolt plate locate themselves opposite the apertures p of the plate a (Fig. 6).

In order to change the combination, it is necessary that the bow of the padlock should be in the open position and therefore that the arresting rod should have been pushed back into the notches of the members j, is and Z as has been stated above.

The padlock being in this position, the members or prongs of a fork Q are introduced, as shown in Fig. 15, into the two apertures m of the lower plate m, so that the ends of these members should come into contact with the lower washer Z. If a certain amount of pressure is exerted on this fork 9, all the members 7', 7e and Z will be pushed back and slide along the bolt In this movement the lugs 0 of the washer n being placed opposite the notch 6Z2 and the aperture Z of the arresting bolt plate, will engage these apertures and will come into contact with the inner facevof the upper stationary plate a (Fig. 15).

Owing to this displacement of these members j, k and Z, the tooth is provided on the edge of each plate 76, abandons the teeth of the corresponding ring h so that it is possible to turn this ring without thereby actuating the plate is.

The spring j of each member j remains engaged in the teeth of the rings so that by turning the latter, the said springs will be caused to pass over the teeth 7}. The rings are then brought back to the 0 position, and if, for instance, the springs of three rings A are caused to pass over four teeth by a suitable rotation of these rings, the new combination number will be 4%.

When this new number is thus obtained, the bow Z) will be closed, the effect of this movement being to actuate the arresting plate (Z. In this movement, the lower edge of the notch (Z and of the aperture (Z of the said arresting bolt plate, will engage the inclined portions 0 of the lugs 0 integral with the washer a, and push the said lugs back. The washer a, in turn pushes back the members j, 76 and Z so that the tooth is of the. plates again engages the teeth of the rings lb and the said plates can now be actuated by the said rings.

The only thing to do now is to mix up the combination by turning the said rings anyhow so as to arrest the plate a? and the padlock will not be opened unless the number 444 is formed by turning the rings in the aforedescribed manner.

From the foregoing it will be perceived that the combination can only be changed when the bow Z) is open because at this moment only the washer a can be displaced owing to the engagement of the lugs in the apertures (Z and (Z of the arresting bolt plate.

The members 7', 7c and Z are brought back into position automatically by simply closing the bow of the padlock.

In the example illustrated, the rings it have no external signs, but it is obvious that it will be possible to trace on the outside of these rings, numerals corresponding to the various teeth 2'. These numerals may be replaced by letters and words will be thus formed instead of numbers.

The number of the rings h is not limited to three and may vary as desired.

The above devices have only been given by way of example; the forms, dimensions and details may vary according to the case without thereby modifying the principle of the present invention.

Claims:

1. The combination with a lock having a bow arresting bolt plate, a spindle integral with said boltplate, a rod normally preventing the rotation of said spindle, arresting members comprising superposed plates provided with notches, means for turning said plates around said spindle to position permit the rotation of the spindle.

2. In a lock of the class described, the combination of a spindle, a rod normally preventing the rotation of said spindle, ar-

resting or looking members for said spindle comprising superposed plates provided with notches, rings inclosing each of the locking or arresting plates and formed with internal teeth between any two of which a tooth of the plate may be engaged to connect the plate and the ring.

3. In a permutation lock, arresting or 'locking members comprising superposed plates provided with notches and teeth, rings inclosing the looking or arresting plates and each formed with internal teethan indication of the degree of rotation through which the ring has been turned, and a starting point for the rotation in one direction.

4. In a permutation lock, the combination with a spindle, a rod normally preventing Copies of this patent may be obtained for the rotation of said spindle, arresting or locking members comprising superposed plates provided with notches and teeth, rings inclosing each of the locking plates and formed with internal teeth between any two of which a tooth of the plate which it encircles may engage to render said plate integral with its ring, a spring controlled pawl to engage between the teeth of each ring one of said teeth being shaped to lock said pawl in one point in one direction of rotation to furnish simultaneously an indication of the degree of rotation through which the ring has been turned, and a starting point for the rotation in one direction, and means for displacing the difierent arresting plates parallel to the spindle so that their teeth cease to be in contact with the teeth of the rings, thus permitting the rotation of the rings with respect to the plates in order to change the combination of the lock.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EUGENE MAURIGE OGTAVE DESGALLES.

Witnesses LEONARD LnvA, LOUIS MENNE.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

